【明報專訊】In 1978, Deng Xiaoping（鄧小平）, who was then a Chinese leader, proposed the "reform and opening-up'' policy aiming to promote China's modernization and development through reforming its economic and political systems and opening its doors to foreign investment. Market economy, under the name of socialism with Chinese characteristics, came into existence on the mainland. An economic boom followed. In 2010, China became the second largest economy in the world after the United States.